Kenya celebrates 59 years of independence
https://sputniknews.com/20221212/jamhuri-day-kenya-celebrates-59-years-of-independence-1105370873.html
Jamhuri Day: Kenya celebrates 59 years of independence
Jamhuri Day: Kenya celebrates 59 years of independence
On December 12, Kenya celebrates the anniversary of the formation of the Republic and the country’s independence.
2022-12-12T10:19+0000
2022-12-12T10:19+0000
2022-12-12T10:25+0000
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On Monday, Kenyan President William Ruto presided over the “Parade of Colors” ceremony for the first time, organized every December 12 to celebrate the anniversary of the formation of the Republic and the country’s independence. the showcase of presidential and regimental symbols by the national army. The ceremony originated in England, with Britain being the former metropolitan power from which Kenyans gained independence after a long and dramatic conflict. After the ceremony, celebration festivals take place. This year, they are held under the theme “Connect, Innovate and Inspire”, seeking to promote technological innovations created by Kenyans. Jamhuri Day commemorates the establishment of the Republic of Kenya in 1964, which, in turn, had the country’s first anniversary of independence in 1963. Kenya’s Struggle The territory of modern Kenya had been under British control since the 1880s , the era known as the Colonial Rush for Africa. In 1895, the East African Protectorate was established, later in 1920, transformed into the Colony and Protectorate of Kenya, named after the highest mountain in the country – the “colony” referring to the interior lands and the “protectorate” coast being officially controlled by the Sultan of Zanzibar. According to a colonial commission, Kenya had “some of the richest agricultural soils in the world, mostly in districts where the altitude and climate allow Europeans to reside permanently”. Since the late 19th century, there had been active resistance to British colonialism in the territory, with Africans outraged by the violence of colonial troops, the possession of disproportionate areas of land by white settlers, and the exploitation of African wage laborers. . Kenyans’ anti-colonial conflicts came to a head when the Mau Mau Rebellion broke out in 1952, an eight-year war between the guerrilla Kenya Land and Freedom Army (known as the Mau Mau), dominated by the Kikuyu people, and the settler ial forces. The conflict was marked by multiple atrocities and left thousands dead. The main Mau Mau force was defeated in 1956, but some rebels continued to resist until 1960. At the same time, the Kenya African Union (KAU) led by Jomo Kenyatta, along with several other parties, encouraged the peaceful struggle for the political right of Africans. . Their efforts along with the shock of the uprising led to a gradual democratization of colonial rule with several constitutional changes giving Africans greater representation in the legislative council. Kenya became independent on December 12, 1963 and became a republic a year later with Kenyatta, known as the Father of the Nation or Mzee, as head of state. He was now also the leader of the Kenya African National Union (KANU), which was formed after the KAU merged with several other parties. Jomo Kenyatta remained the leader of the country until 1978 and KANU was the ruling party for almost 40 years. *Madaraka Day is another national holiday in Kenya, celebrated on June 1, commemorating the acquisition of the internal autonomy and partial independence in 1963.
https://sputniknews.com/20221201/great-joy-central-african-republic-celebrates-national-day-1104928675.html
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kenya independence day, colony of kenya, mau mau, jomo kenyatta, republic of kenya
kenya independence day, colony of kenya, mau mau, jomo kenyatta, republic of kenya
One of the most important holidays in Kenya – the country’s national holiday known as Jamhuri Day (with “Jamhuri” meaning “republic” in Swahili) is also considered the start of the Christmas season.
After the ceremony, celebration festivals take place. This year, they are held under the theme “Connect, Innovate and Inspire”, seeking to promote technological innovations created by Kenyans.
“This celebration will be slightly different from what we have had before in that it is an ICT themed celebration and in the future we will be holding similar celebrations with themes starting with the day of Madaraka* and other public holidays that we are going to undertake in the country,” an official told the media.
Jamhuri Day commemorates the establishment of the Republic of Kenya in 1964, which, in turn, took place on the first anniversary of the country’s independence in 1963.
Kenya’s struggle
The territory of modern Kenya had been under British control since the 1880s, the era known as the Colonial Scramble for Africa. In 1895, the East African Protectorate was established, later in 1920, transformed into the Colony and Protectorate of Kenya, named after the highest mountain in the country – the “colony” referring to the interior lands and the “protectorate” coast being officially controlled by the Sultan of Zanzibar.
According to a colonial commission, Kenya had “some of the richest agricultural soils in the world, mostly in districts where the altitude and climate allow Europeans to reside permanently”.
Since the late 19th century, there has been active resistance to British colonialism in the territory, with Africans resenting the violence of colonial troops, the possession of disproportionate amounts of land by white settlers, and the exploitation African salaried workers.
Kenyans’ anti-colonial struggle came to a head when the Mau Mau Rebellion In 1952, an eight-year war broke out between the guerrilla Kenya Land and Freedom Army (known as Mau Mau), dominated by the Kikuyu people, and colonial forces. The conflict was marked by multiple atrocities and left thousands dead. The main Mau Mau force was defeated in 1956, but some rebels continued to resist until 1960.
At the same time, the Kenya African Union (KAU) led by Jomo Kenyatta, along with several other parties, have encouraged the peaceful struggle for the political rights of Africans. Their efforts along with the shock of the uprising led to a gradual democratization of colonial rule with several constitutional changes giving Africans greater representation in the legislative council.
Kenya became independent on December 12, 1963 and became a Republic a year later with Kenyatta, known as the father of the nation Where mzee, as head of state. He was now also the leader of the Kenya African National Union (KANU), which was formed after the KAU merged with several other parties. Jomo Kenyatta remained the country’s leader until 1978 and KANU was the ruling party for almost 40 years.
*Madaraka Day is another national holiday in Kenya, celebrated on June 1, commemorating the attainment of internal self-government and partial independence in 1963.
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